Currently, during a criminal investigation, forensic scientists must first identify a stain as blood. The analysis of bloodstains can provide police detectives with significant amounts of information relevant to the crime in question. In this review, we will cover the capability of fluorescence spectroscopy in the analysis of bloodstains.īlood is a complex biological sample, that is one of the most common body fluids collected during investigations of violent crimes ( Li, 2008). Forensic science research has implemented the use of fluorescence spectroscopy for the analysis of trace evidence and biological samples. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a rapid, inexpensive, and non-destructive technique, making it ideal for use in forensic investigations. This technique can be used to analyze gas, liquid and solid samples and characterize endogenous fluorophores present. Fluorescence is the most often accounted type of luminescence associated with transitions between states of the same multiplicity. Luminescence spectroscopy is a versatile analytical technique that measures the emitted light resulted from the radiative deactivation of electronically excited states of molecular an atomic species. Including the ability to identify, determine the time since deposition, and phenotypic characterization of bloodstains. In this brief review, the ability of fluorescence spectroscopy for the analysis of bloodstains will be discussed. Unlike other techniques, fluorescence spectroscopy can investigate the endogenous fluorophores within bloodstains. However, most techniques that researchers have utilized thus far focus on the analysis of hemoglobin, both for identification and TSD determinations. Additionally, determining the time since deposition (TSD) can assist investigators in establishing when the crime occurred or if a bloodstain present is related to the investigated event. It allows for the identification of the individual providing that there is a match with a known DNA profile. Bloodstains discovered at crime scenes can provide crucial information to an investigation. The field of forensic science has implemented the use of fluorescence spectroscopy for the analysis of bloodstains. 2Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, United States.1SupreMEtric LLC, Rensselaer, NY, United States.
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